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Technology

What Is Active Noise Canceling (ANC)?

Active Noise Cancelling (ANC) is a sound reduction technology that eliminates unwanted noise by using anti-phase sound waves.

Unlike passive noise control (which relies on physical barriers like foam or insulation), ANC actively detects, analyzes, and neutralizes noise in real time.

The idea goes back to 1936: read the story of ANC, from Paul Lueg’s patent to the factory floor.

Sound wave and anti-phase wave cancelling each other
Process

How Does ANC Work?

At its core, ANC technology listens, analyzes, and counteracts noise through a four-step process:

#1

Noise Detection

Built-in microphones or advanced sensors continuously analyze the surrounding environmental noise, allowing them to accurately detect any disruptive sound waves that may interfere with the overall auditory experience.

#2

Anti-Phase Wave Generation

The system generates a sophisticated anti-phase signal that is opposite in phase to unwanted noise. This approach effectively cancels disruptive sounds, creating a more serene auditory environment.

#3

Noise Cancelling

When the original noise and the anti-phase wave meet, they cancel each other out, effectively neutralizing the sound before it reaches your ears.

#4

Continuous Adaptation

ANC technology adapts in real time to variations in surrounding noise levels, ensuring consistent noise suppression in dynamic environments where sound conditions can change rapidly.

Case study

Case Study: Industrial Fan Noise Cancelling

Purilian’s feed‑forward ANC system places a reference microphone near the fan, loudspeakers flush with the duct wall and an error microphone downstream. A real‑time digital signal processor predicts the sound that will arrive at the error mic a few milliseconds later and injects a mirror‑image “anti‑wave”. Because the secondary speakers add no obstruction, airflow and static pressure remain unchanged.

Read more >>

Comparison

ANC vs Passive Noise Control

So, which one is better? The answer depends on your specific noise control needs.

In the following comparison, we’ll break down the key differences between Passive Noise Control and ANC, showing why AI-powered noise cancellation is the future of quiet, efficient sound management:

Technical StatementActive Noise Cancellation (ANC)Passive Noise Control
Relies on absorption or reflection of sound waves via materials.NoYes
Effective at attenuating low-frequency noise (<500Hz).YesNo
Effective at attenuating high-frequency noise (>2kHz).LimitedYes
Adaptive noise reduction based on real-time acoustic measurements.YesNo
Introduces pressure drop or airflow obstruction in ducts or enclosed spaces.NoYes
Requires significant physical mass or volume (walls, barriers, insulation).NoYes
Performance degrades over time due to material fatigue or compression.NoYes
Requires a power source for operation (microphones, sensors, anti-noise generation).YesNo
Susceptible to extreme environmental conditions.LimitedNo
Bulky installation required to achieve effective noise reduction.NoYes
Performance is largely independent of room geometry or acoustic reflections.YesNo
Our solution

The Purilian ANC Solution

Purilian’s Ad-Active technology cancels noise in real time using advanced anti-phase wave technology.

Purilian’s Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) system is designed to eliminate low-frequency noise below 500Hz, which traditional passive barriers, like acoustic panels and insulation, fail to block effectively.

Instead of relying on massive, space-consuming physical structures, Purilian precisely detects disruptive sound waves using AI-driven sensors, generates an anti-phase signal, and neutralizes the noise in real time.

This ensures a dynamic, adaptable, and efficient noise control solution without the need for complex installations or material degradation over time.

Reduces industrial noise
by up to 20 dB
Cancels noise below 500Hz,
where passive methods struggle
Eliminates noise without
space-consuming soundproofing materials

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Research

Research-Backed Technology

Purilian’s Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) system is based on an engineered control architecture developed in collaboration with the University of Florence (UNIFI).

Utilizing Filtered-X Active Noise Control (ANC) and Waveform Synthesis, this innovative solution is backed by research and engineered for next-generation noise control.

Patent document, active noise cancellation control architecture developed with UNIFI University of Florence, Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF)
Applications

Where you need Purilian ANC

Industrial & Manufacturing Facilities

CNC machines noise
Compressors noise
Motors noise
Fan noise

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Offices & Corporate Spaces

HVAC noise
chattering noise
distracting sounds

Retail & Commercial Environments

Background noise

FAQ

Common questions about active noise cancellation

Can active noise cancelling work for a whole room?

Not as a blanket over an entire space. Active noise cancellation works where low frequency sound travels along a path that can be controlled: a duct, a fan discharge, a machine, an opening between two areas, or a defined working zone. In a plant room we place the system at the source or across that path, not across the whole ceiling. Purilian designs these systems for industrial and commercial buildings; we do not supply consumer or domestic room products.

Which frequencies can active noise cancellation actually cancel?

Mainly below about 500 Hz. That is the range where passive materials need a great deal of mass or thickness to do anything, and it is also where fans, compressors, motors and transformers put most of their energy. Above roughly 2 kHz absorption and barriers work better, so the two approaches are complementary rather than competing.

How much noise reduction is realistic?

Up to 20 dB in the low frequency band the system is tuned to. The figure for a given site depends on the source, the geometry and where people actually stand, which is why every Purilian project starts from a measurement rather than from a catalogue number.

How is active noise control different from passive noise control?

Passive control adds material: mass to block sound, or absorption to soak it up. Active control adds an opposing sound wave instead, generated in real time from what the microphones hear. That means no added mass, no pressure drop in a duct, no loss of access or airflow, and performance that adapts as the noise changes. The comparison table above sets the two side by side.

What does a Purilian ANC project involve?

It starts with an acoustic measurement of the real source, because the spectrum decides whether active cancellation, metamaterial panels, or a combination of the two is the right answer. From there we size and design the system, then install and tune it on site. If the measurement shows that active control is not the right tool for your noise, we say so.

What are industrial noise cancelling speakers?

They are the loudspeakers of an active noise control system, built for plant conditions rather than for music. A reference microphone picks up the noise, a controller computes the opposite waveform, and the ANC speakers play it back where the noise travels: flush with a duct wall, at a fan discharge or next to a machine. An error microphone checks the result and the controller keeps adjusting. The speakers are only one part of the system; what makes them work is where they are placed and the control that drives them.

What makes up an active noise control system for industrial machines?

Microphones, a real time controller and ANC speakers, sized for one source: a fan, a compressor, a transformer or a production machine. Each noise reduction system is designed around the measured spectrum of that machine, so it suppresses the tonal, low frequency part of the noise that enclosures and absorbers struggle with, without adding mass or restricting airflow. Where the noise also carries strong high frequency content, we combine it with metamaterial panels.

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